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Additional Key References
Penhallurick, R. 1986
Tin In Antiquity
Institute of Metals, London

Hughes, S.J.S. 1987
George Green, Engineer and Entrepreneur, 1824 - 1895
British Mining No. 34

Timberlake, S. 1988   
Excavations at Parys Mt. and Nantyreira,
Archaeology in Wales 28 11-17

Timberlake, S. & Switsur R. 1988
An archaeological investigation of early mineworkings
on Copa Hill, Cwmystwyth: new evidence for prehistoric mining,
Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 54, 329-333

Timberlake, S. 1990
Firesetting and primitive mining experiments, Copa Hill, Cwmystwyth, in Crew &
Crew (eds) , 53-54  

Timberlake, S. 1992
Llancynfelin and Nantyarian Mines,
Archaeology in Wales 32, 90-91

Bick, D. & Davies, P.W. 1994
Lewis Morris and the Cardiganshire Mines, Aberystwyth,
the National Library of Wales, 89 pp

Timberlake, S.1995
Copa Hill, Cwmystwyth & Llancynfelin Mine,
Archaeology in Wales 35, 40-43

Timberlake, S.1996a
Tyn y fron Mine,
Archaeology in Wales 36, 60-63

Timberlake, S. 1996b
Ogof Copper Mine, Llanymynech Hill,
Archaeology in Wales 36, 68-69

Jenkins, D., Owen, A. & Lewis, A. 2001
A Rapid Geochemical Survey of the Bronze Age Copper Mines on the Great Orme,
Llandudno In Archaeological Science ’97
BAR International Series 939, p.164-169

Mighall T.M, Abrahams P.W., Grattan J.P., Hayes D., Timberlake S., Forsyth, S. 2002
Geochemical evidence for atmospheric pollution derived from prehistoric copper mining
at Copa Hill, Cwmystwyth, mid-Wales, UK
IN The Science of the Total Environment 292, 69-80, Elsevier

Timberlake, S. 2002a
Medieval lead smelting boles near Penguelan, Cwmystwyth, Ceredigion,
Archaeology in Wales 42, 45-59

Timberlake, S. 2002b
Banc Tynddol disc, Cwmystwyth,
Archaeology in Wales 42, 97-98

Timberlake, S. 2003a
Excavations on Copa Hill, Cwmystwyth (1986-1999): An Early Bronze Age
Copper Mine within the uplands of Central Wales  
BAR British Series 348, Archaeopress, Oxford, 127 pp

Timberlake, S. 2003b
An archaeological examination of some early mining leats and hushing
remains in upland Wales,
Archaeology in Wales 43, 33-44

Jenkins, D. 2003
Mynydd Parys Copper Mines,
Note in Archaeology in Wales 43, 106

Jones, N., Walters, M. & Frost, P. 2004
Mountains and Orefields – Metal Mining Landscapes of Mid and North-East Wales,
CBA Research Report 142, 192 pp

O’Brien, W. 2004
Ross Island – Mining, Metal and Society in Early Ireland,
Bronze Age Studies no.6,
Department of Archaeology, National University of Ireland, Galway, 767 pp

Timberlake, S. & Prag, A.J.N.W. 2005
The Archaeology of Alderley Edge – survey, excavation and experiment in an ancient
mining landscape,
BAR 346, Archaeopress

Timberlake, s. 2006    
Excavation of Early Mine Workings at Twll y mining (Cwm Darren)
and Erglodd, Ceredigion.
Archaeology in Wales. 56, 79-80.

Timberlake, S. 2007a   
The use of experimental archaeology/archaeometallurgy for the
understanding and reconstruction of Early Bronze Age mining and smelting technologies
in Metal and Mining - Studies in Archaeometallurgy (Ed. La Niece, S, Hook.
D. A. Craddock. P), 27-36, Archetype Publications in association with The British
Museum.

Timberlake, S. 2007b
The Excavation of an 18th Century Lead Stamping Mill on the Nant Yr Orinen,
Cwmystwyth,
Archaeology in Wales 47, 59-67

Mighall, T.M., Timberlake, S. Singh, S. and Bateman, M 2007.
Records in palaeo-pollution from mining and metallurgy as recorded by three
ombrotrophic peat bogs in Wales, Uk
In: Metals and Mining (ed. La Niece, S. Hook, D and Craddock, P.)

Timberlake, S. 2009
The origins of metal mining in Britain-The explorations and Archaeological excavations
of Early Mines Research Group in Central Wales, "The Lode of History"
Proceedings of the Welsh Mines Society Conference 2007, Welsh Mines and Mining
No. 1, 3-16.

Timberlake, S. 2009
Copper mining and metal production at the beginning of the British Bronze Age,
Bronze Age Connections (ed. P. Clarke),
95-1022, Oxbow.

Mighall, T.M, Timberlake, s. Foster, I.D.L, Kruppe, E and Singh, S. 2009.
Ancient copper and lead pollution records from a raised bog complex in Central Wales,
Uk. Journal of Archaeological Science. 36,1288.

Timberlake, S. 2010       
Geological Mineralogical and Environmental Controls on the Extraction of Copper Ores
in the British Bronze Age. Mining in European History and its Impact on Environmental
and Human Scoieties,
Proceedings for the 1st mining in European history Conference of the SFB-HIMAT,
12-15 Novermber 2009. Innsbruck.
Ed P. Anneiter, G. Golderberg et al, 289-295.

Timberlake, S. 2014
Prehistoric copper extraction in Britain: Ecton Hill, Staffordshire,
Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 80, 159-206,
Cambridge University Press.

Timberlake, S. And Marshall, P. 2014
The Beginning of Metal Production In Britain. In: P. Craddock (ed.), The Origins of
Metallurgy in Europe, Historical Metallurgy 47 (1). 93-109.

Timberlake, S. 2015
Predictive Experimental Archaeology as a tool in the study of ancient mining and
Metallurgy, Experimentelle Archaeologie in Europa 14. Billanze 2015. S. 145-164.

Timberlake, S. 2016
Copper mining, prospection and the Beaker phemomonon in Wales - the significance of
the Banc Tynddol gold disc. In : Koch, J.T. And Cunliffe, B. Atlantic Europe in
the Metal Ages -Questions of shared language, Celtic from the west 3, 111-188,
Oxbow Books.

Timberlake, S. 2017
New Ideas on the Exploitation of Copper, Tin, Gold and Lead ores in Bronze Age Britain:
The mining, smelting and Movement of Metal, Materials and Manufacturing Processes,
Volume 32 (Issue 7 - 8), 709-727.

Borg, G. 2017
Golden Zeten ? - Europaische Goldvorkommen Und Bezung Zur Himmelsscheide
Von Nebra. Jahresschrift Fur Mitteldeutsche Vorgerschicte
Band 96. Halle. 111-138
Mail: bc293@cam.ac.uk Links